commonwealth education fund
budget work in education
 
 
   
CEF Commonwealth Education Fund School Management Committee
 
 
CEF objective:
ensuring that sufficient financing is available to make public schools work for all girls and boys, and that resources reach where they are most needed


CEF has played a lead role in demystifying the budget process, enabling civil society to engage in budget analysis; track disbursement flows through the education system; monitor expenditure and lobby to influence budget allocations. As a result of CEF support, education budgets have increasingly been brought under the scrutiny of civil society organisations.

CEF Budget Work Documentation
In collaboration with Save the Children UK and the Institute for Democracy in South Africa (Idasa), CEF has documented its experiences in budget tracking work in the following three publications.

A Budget Guide for Civil Society Organisations Working in Education
V. Perry (2009)

Budgets can be complex documents. Many people feel intimidated by budget work, assuming that it requires very technical skills. But budget work can be straightforward. Using basic arithmetic, civil society can use budget information to talk in powerful ways about how public resources are used for education. This guide provides civil society organisations (CSOs) in the education sector with the basic information they need to get started on budget work. Using background information, budget exercises and short illustrative case studies, It introduces core concepts relating to budgets, and discusses ways of analysing them. It also demonstrates how budget work can inform strategic advocacy messages, and bring about change in the education sector. At the end of the guide there is a dictionary of economic and budget terminology and a list of useful reference materials where you can find out more about budget work.


 

CEF Commonwealth Education Fund



Making the Budget Work for Education: Experiences, Achievements and lessons learned from civil society budget work

M. Claasen (2008)

Over the last decade, budget work, or applied budget analysis, has become increasingly recognised as an important tool for holding governments and non-state actors accountable for their policy commitments, budget allocations and expenditure. Increasingly, CSOs have adopted budget work as a key part of their advocacy and have recognised that the following three democratic principles are essential for the achievement of human development goals: Accountability; Public participation; and Transparency. This report focuses on the work supported by CEF to enable local communities to monitor spending on education at national and local levels. Case studies compiled by Idasa (Institute for Democracy in South Africa) examine work done by CEF partners
in Bangladesh, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi and Uganda.

 
CEF Commonwealth Education Fund


Civil Society Engagement in Education Budgets: A Report Documenting Commonwealth Education Fund Experience

V. Perry (2008)

This report documents CEF experience, illustrating how civil society can engage in the budget process through budget analysis; tracking disbursement flows through the education system; monitoring expenditure; and lobbying to influence budget allocations to the education sector. The report describes why education budget work is important. It records the range of work supported by CEF, setting this within the international context and noting major achievements and common challenges faced by organisations implementing programmes of budget work. It provides country profiles, which offer an insight into the achievements, activities, challenges and lessons learnt for each of the countries supported by the CEF, making recommendations based on partner experiences. It is primarily intended for groups or individuals that have a new or relatively new interest in education budget work, but may also be of interest to those that have engaged in this work for some time, The final section of the report provides a list of resources – budget expenditure tracking manuals, tools and examples of research on education financing – that were produced with CEF support. These serve as a useful guide for the reader to investigate budget work in more depth. There are also links to organisational websites for further information on budget work.


 
CEF Commonwealth Education Fund

CEF brief for the U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre
CEF partner efforts to combat corruption in education through budget monitoring are discussed in this short paper for the U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre of the Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI).

Confronting corruption in education:
Advancing accountable practices through budget monitoring

V. Turrent (2009)

Education budget work conducted by civil society is a
powerful way of holding governments accountable to
their citizens, and drawing attention to corruption in the
education system. This brief discusses the relevance of
civil society budget work for anti-corruption initiatives,
focusing on the experience of CEF, in which budget monitoring is employed as an anti-corruption tool in the education sector. It presents its strengths and limitations – arguing for increased access to budget information and greater civil society participation in such processes.


 
CEF Commonwealth Education Fund

 Selected budget work documents from CEF partners

CEF Bangladesh partner:
Power and Participation Research Centre (PPRC)

 

CEF The Gambia partner:
Pro-Poor Advocacy Group (ProPAG)
 

CEF Ghana partner:
The Northern Ghana Network for Development (NGND)
 

CEF Kenya partner:
Elimu Yetu Coalition (EYC)
 

CEF Malawi partner:
Coalition for Quality Basic Education (CSCQBE)
 

CEF Pakistan partner:
Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP)
http://www.hrcp-web.org
 

CEF Sri Lanka-commissioned study:
Institute of Policy Studies
http://www.ips.lk/
 


CEF Tanzania partner:
Tanzania Education Network (TENMET)
http://www.tenmet.org
The national education coalition TENMET collaborated with Oxfam to produce this guide.

 


CEF Tanzania partner:
Pamoja Trust
http://www.pamojatrust.com
 


CEF Tanzania partners:
Hakikazi Catalyst, REPOA and TGNP
 


CEF Uganda partner:
Uganda Adult Education Network (UGAADEN)
 

CEF Uganda partners:
Acenlworo UPE Budget Child Monitoring Project
CEF supported three local Ugandan NGOs to implement the UPE Budget Monitoring Project led by schoolchildren themselves. The partners were:
the African Network for Prevention and Protection against Child Abuse and Neglect (ANPPCAN) Uganda Chapter in Wakiso and Kampala districts, Acen-Lworo Child and Family Program in Apac, and Kigulu Development Group.
 

CEF Uganda partners: report by Anyuru, M. on the experiences of The Apac Anti-Corruption Coalition (TAACC), CCF Acenlworo Children and Family Programme, and Uganda Adult Education Network (UGAADEN)

 

International Anti-Corruption Conference (IACC)
CEF shared learning from its budget work at the 13th IACC in 2008. The session report and presentation are available on the 13th IACC website

 
CEF IACC Commonwealth Education Fund
     
External resources
     
Economic Literacy and Budget Accountability for Governance (ELBAG)
ELBAG is an approach promoted by citizens and Civil Society Organisations to monitor government budgets, economic policies and decision making for just and democratic governance. It is a part of a citizen's movement to seek accountability for Governance.

 

ELBAG Economic Literacy and Budget Accountability for Governance


Institute for Democracy in South Africa (Idasa)
Idasa is an independent public interest organisation committed to promoting sustainable democracy based on active citizenship, democratic institutions, and social justice. IDASA's Economic Governance Programme works in the area of Education Budgets in various countries across Africa.

 
Comic releif logo - CEF

Transparency International
Report with case studies from countries including Zambia and Sierra Leone.

 

Journal of Education for International Development, 1(1). Hallak, J & Poisson, M;
Examines opportunities for corruption in education, and successful experiments for improving transparency and accountability.Major strategic areas: regulation, management and ownership.

 

International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP)/UNESCO
Reinikka, R & Smith, N

 

Netherlands Development Organisation (SNV) Tanzania. Kees de Graaf. Research paper on 5 NGOs doing public expenditure tracking surveys (PETS) in Tanzania.  

The International Budget Work Project builds civil society budget work capacity. This report by Vivek Ramkumar features examples, including some from countries where CEF worked.  

Oxfam GB: Chris Pain and Kate Dyer. Report from workshop of 11 education advocacy NGOs to discuss the different research methodologies, advocacy work and impact indicators used of civil society in their monitoring budget work.

 

Save the Children UK: Save the Children UK has a long track record of lobbying for improved services for children around
the world and of working with the public sector to improve implementation, accessibility and relevance of services. As public expenditure is central to providing key services for protecting children’s rights and wellbeing, several Save the Children UK programmes are carrying out budget monitoring
activities. This publication draws together lessons
from this widely varied work.